Hybrid Simulation Models for high-performance and versatile airport simulations: Integrating System Dynamics and Agent-Based Approaches

This paper outlines a novel simulation approach that integrates multiple simulation concepts. Agent-based network models are combined with a set of state charts rules. The resulting simulation then interacts with an energy flow simulation based on system dynamics rules at runtime. The work is based on the many challenges that modern airports face, such as growing passenger numbers, strict safety regulations, unpredictable disruptions and the worsening climate crisis. The transformation process in aviation is therefore attracting increasing attention. In order to capture this complexity, simulation modelling has become an integral part of strategic and operational decision-making processes. Our hybrid modelling approach aims to provide a comprehensive framework for analysing both macro-level system behaviour and micro-level agent behaviour. The simulation's high-speed capability makes it ideal for What-If cycles, enabling efficient analysis and evaluation of management decisions on incidents by presenting the results to the user in a capacity-based view. This simulation approach is intended to promote the integration of the Airport Collaborative Decision-Making concept (A-CDM), enabling different airport stakeholders to make joint decisions.