AI-Based Deradicalization in Indonesia

Radicalization is a multifaceted process characterized by the embrace of extreme ideologies and actions that contravene societal norms, potentially culminating in violent extremism. Deradicalization, or more broadly, countering violent extremism (CVE), encompasses the processes, initiatives, and interventions aimed at reversing or counteracting radicalization, facilitating individuals' disengagement from extremist ideology or behaviors. Recent studies underscore the increasing significance of artificial intelligence (AI) in combating online extremism and facilitating deradicalization initiatives. AI tools are being developed to identify extremist content, forecast at-risk individuals, and study the communication patterns and propaganda tactics of extreme groups, especially on social media platforms. These platforms can distribute counter-narratives and positive representations to contest extreme ideas; nevertheless, their efficacy relies on ethical and responsible implementation, along with interdisciplinary collaboration. Although Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a potential instrument in various fields including extensive data, pattern recognition, personalization, automation, and decision support, there is a paucity of research about the application of AI in the deradicalization of terrorist criminals within correctional facilities. This study aims to examine the prospects, risks, and trajectories of AI-based deradicalization. This study seeks to comprehend the role of AI in deradicalization efforts. This study identified ways for implementing AI-based deradicalization through a literature analysis and interviews with cyber and deradicalization specialists, as well as past terrorist offenders, which are included in the RARE Model (Relation-Assistance-Reintegration-Evaluation). This research may assist practitioners or governments in executing AI-driven deradicalization initiatives.