UoPC: A User-Based Online Framework to Predict Job Power Consumption in HPC Systems

It is fundamental to design accurate workload power prediction techniques to address environmental sustainability challenges in modern high-performance computing (HPC) systems. While existing Machine Learning (ML) approaches are effective, they retain some limitations in production environments. To address these, we introduce UoPC, a user-based online framework for predicting job power consumption in HPC systems. UoPC leverages ML-based predictive models tailored for individual users, eliminating the need for voluminous data and training. It offers a user-friendly Python implementation suitable for both end-user usage and integration into workload management systems. We evaluate UoPC on more than 1.3 million jobs executed on Fugaku,¹¹https://www.fujitsu.com/global/about/innovation/fugaku/ a supercomputer hosted at RIKEN, demonstrating its effectiveness. It achieves only a 10% prediction error, with minimal overhead on the system operations. By employing a <tex>$k-\mathbf{nearest}$</tex> neighbours (KNN) prediction model augmented with Natural Language Processing (NLP), UoPC streamlines prediction processes for newly submitted jobs. It requires only limited historical data, making it practical for diverse high-performance computing environments and workloads.