Research Progress of Typical Biological Enzyme Technology and Its Application in CO ₂ Resource Utilization

ABSTRACT As the global climate change issue becomes increasingly severe, the development of efficient and sustainable CO 2 resource utilization technologies has emerged as a critical international research focus. Bioenzymatic catalysis, characterized by its high selectivity, mild reaction conditions, and environmental compatibility, offers an innovative approach to CO 2 capture and conversion. The present review article outlines recent advancements in bio‐enzyme technology for CO 2 transformation and discusses strategies for enhancing and constructing key enzymes in both natural and artificial carbon sequestration pathways. The present review article summarizes the immobilization techniques of representative enzymes (such as carbonic anhydrase and formate dehydrogenase) during the process of enzyme‐catalyzed CO 2 conversion and the synergistic catalytic effects of multienzyme complex systems. On this basis, this review identifies the limitations of current biocatalyst technology and explores potential future research directions to address these challenges.