Characterization of INDEL Polymorphisms in Selected Genes of Chickens

Abstract InDel (Insertion–Deletion) polymorphisms are structural genetic variations that occur as a result of the insertion or deletion of one or more base pairs in the DNA sequence. These variations are generally observed in short sequences (1–100 bp) and may occur in the promoter, exon, intron, or UTR regions of genes. In chickens, InDel polymorphisms can affect gene transcriptional activity, mRNA stability, or protein structure, thereby influencing economically important traits such as growth, egg production, carcass characteristics, fat deposition, muscle development, and disease resistance. Analyzing gene expression in different genotypes helps determine the regulatory (modulatory) role of InDel polymorphisms. At the molecular level, InDel polymorphisms play an important role in the development of genetic improvement strategies. Therefore, InDel markers are considered powerful genetic tools that can be used in selection programs aimed at improving economic efficiency in poultry breeding. Key Words: indel polymorphism, chickens genetics, molecular markers, chickens