Robust Electrochromic Fabrics Compatible With Arbitrary Surface for Active Optical and Thermal Modulations

ABSTRACT Electrochromic (EC) fabrics exhibiting tunable optical and thermal modulation have attracted extensive attention in both active camouflage and wearable electronic. However, the lack of compatibility among the basic components of an EC device for flexible EC fabrics remains a challenge, hindering its future application. Herein, a highly integrated all‐in‐one EC fabric (AECF) is developed by assembling all the essential components into a piece of fabric, which is based on the dual‐band EC polyaniline (PANI), Au collector, and a gel electrolyte filled into the fabric matrix. Benefiting from such a highly integrated configuration, the AECF possesses an ultrathin thickness of 82.0 μm and high flexibility, which could endow it with good conformity on arbitrarily shaped surfaces, further enhancing the applicability of the intrinsically non‐stretchable EC fabrics device. Stemming from the optical modulation of the PANI EC layers, the AECF exhibits a color switch between golden yellow and dark green, with both visible and infrared reflectance modulation. Considering the excellent conformability and active optical‐thermal modulation, the AECF is further developed into an environmental adaptive camouflage prototype system by integrating with a model car, which exhibits a fast color blending with dynamic environment background. This study is anticipated to provide new insights into developing high‐performance EC fabrics toward the applications in wearable displays and active military camouflage.