Biologie des progéniteurs érythroïdes et leur impact sur la production des globules rouges : améliorer les options de traitement des anémies grâce à leur caractérisation

Anemia, which affects over 1.6 billion individuals globally, is characterized by reduced red blood cells (RBCs) or hemoglobin, leading to impaired oxygen transport. This dissertation investigates erythropoiesis (RBC production in the bone marrow), focusing on the classification and regulation of erythroid progenitors (EP). Using proteomics, we identified over 5,500 proteins across four progenitor stages, highlighting significant changes in proteins involved in cell cycle and metabolism regulation, particularly E2F4 which we demonstrated to be activated by glucocorticoids (GC). My research work further explores the potential role of E2F4 in Diamond Blackfan anemia syndrome (DBAS or DBA) and highlights the important role of the erthro-myeloblastic islands (EMBIS) and central macrophages in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), providing novel insights into erythroid progenitor development, biology and potential new therapeutic targets. This work advances our understanding of erythropoiesis, offering pathways for innovative treatments for anemia and related blood disorders