Pharmacological Assessment of Indigofera hochstetteri: Anti-inflammatory and Analgesic Potential

Background: Inflammation and pain are essential physiological responses that protect the body against harmful stimuli. However, when chronic, they can result in severe health problems and disability. The available treatment options have significant limitations, necessitating the search for safer alternatives. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and analgesic potential of the methanol leaf extract of Indigofera hochstetteri. Methods: The methanol extract of I. hochstetteri was subjected to phytochemical screening and acute toxicity assessment using Lorke’s method. Anti-inflammatory activity was examined using formalin-induced paw edema and xylene-induced ear edema, while acetic acid-induced writhing and hot plate tests were employed to assess analgesic activity. Results: Phytochemical analysis indicated the presence of flavonoids, glycosides, terpenes, and saponins. Acute toxicity studies indicated a moderate toxicity level, with a median lethal dose of 2,154 mg/kg. The extract displayed statistically significant (P<0.05) anti-inflammatory effects in both the formalin and xylene models. Substantial analgesic activity was also observed in both the writhing and hot plate tests. The extract’s efficacy was directly proportional to the dose, with higher doses (300 and 600 mg/kg) showing effectiveness similar to that of standard drugs. Conclusion: These findings imply that I. hochstetteri has promising potential as a natural alternative for managing inflammation and pain.