Oral Candida Infection's Pregnant Women: Use of anti-fungal drugs and Impact on Embryo Health

Oral Candida infection is a common condition during pregnancy that can affect both the mother and the developing fetus. Changes in body pH and hormonal fluctuations can promote the growth and colonization of Candida species, leading to infection and potential adverse effects on pregnancy. The purpose of this review is to discuss the prevalence, risk factors, and management of oral Candida infection in pregnant women, as well as to emphasize preventive measures to protect maternal and fetal health. A literature-based assessment of Candida species in pregnancy revealed that the prevalence of oral yeast colonization during early gestation was 16.7% among pregnant women, compared to 6.7% in non-pregnant controls; however, the difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.424). Appropriate preventive and management strategies are essential to control oral Candida infection during pregnancy and reduce its negative impact on both the mother and fetus. Maintaining the body’s pH balance and initiating prompt treatment play a crucial role in preventing complications and ensuring healthy pregnancy outcomes.