Human and Social Capital as Determinants of Employment Integration among Skilled Immigrants in Canada

In this study, I have explored the lived employment experiences of skilled, racialized immigrants in British Columbia's labour market. Many studies treat immigrants as if they all have the same experiences, but skilled immigrants—especially those who are racialized—often face unique challenges that are overlooked. This study focuses on skilled immigrants who came to Canada through the Federal Skilled Worker Program and shows how many end up “deskilled,” meaning they work in jobs far below their level of education and experience. Their foreign credentials are often not recognized, community and support systems don’t help them find meaningful work, and gender roles can make these problems even worse for women. While upgrading through Canadian education and having strong social networks can help them stay in their fields, the research highlights how Canada’s promise of equal opportunity doesn’t match the reality many immigrants face. The study calls for better alignment between immigration and labour policies, faster and fairer credential recognition, and employment programs that include mental health and gender-responsive supports.