MODERN METHODS OF ENDOMETRIOSIS TREATMENT

Endometriosis is a chronic hormone–dependent disease caused by the proliferation of tissue similar in structure to the endometrium outside the uterine cavity. The purpose of this review is to highlight the issue of modern methods of endometriosis therapy. The search for literature sources for analysis was carried out on the resources of PubMed, CyberLeninka, Elibrary. Articles for the period from 2020 to 2024 were selected. Main manifestations of endometriosis are dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, dyschesia, and decreased fertility. According to the World Association of Endometriosis, symptoms of the disease are detected in 38% of women of reproductive age, and in 25-100% the disease occurs in adolescents. Hormone therapy is used to treat endometriosis, including combined oral contraceptive (COC) pill, progestogens, gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists, aromatase inhibitors, danazol, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug for symptomatic treatment. Progestogens are recommended as †rst-line drugs. COCs are used as the main method of contraception in women with endometriosis, but they are also e—ective as hormone therapy for endometrioid ovarian cysts. Gonadotropin releasing hormone agonists are prescribed to patients with persistent symptoms after the use of COCs, however, due to their pharmacodynamic e—ects, they are not recommended for adolescents and postmenopausal women. Danazol is currently not used often, as it has many androgen-mediated side e—ects. In addition to drug therapy, surgical interventions are used to determine the localization and excision of foci of endometrioid tissue. Treatment of endometriosis is currently an issue that requires further study due to the prevalence of the disease and the need for an individual approach to the management of patients in di—erent groups.