Phenomenology and Testability of Scalar Temporal Flow Dynamics

This companion paper to the Scalar Temporal Field Ontology (Version 26.1) presents the phenomenology and empirical testability of scalar temporal flow dynamics. A variational action is formulated and the corresponding stress–energy contribution is derived. Bounds on Lorentz invariance implied by a preferred temporal gradient direction are evaluated. Domain-specific predictions are provided for atom interferometry, Shapiro delay modulation, persistent current dissipation, cosmic filament tension, solar cycle drift, and fast radio burst dispersion anisotropy. A falsification table, observational roadmap, and experimental sensitivity bounds are included to ensure empirical accessibility. All predictions are timestamped for archival reproducibility. Version 1.1 — November 2025 Update This version updates Section 6.6 with Solar Cycle 25 empirical analysis using SILSO v2.1 and NOAA/SWPC data. The originally predicted ~1% scalar-temporal drift is not observed. A new upper bound ΔN/N < 0.5% is established, constraining the effective coupling A(τ). Table 1 has been revised. The abstract, conclusion, and falsification criteria have been updated to reflect the Cycle 25 null detection. All other sections remain consistent with Version 1.0.Update 1.2 December 2025Version 1.2 formalizes the Solar Cycle 25 null result as an explicit parametric inequality, completing the model-independent upper bound on scalar–temporal solar modulation. This update introduces a symbolic dynamo-response coefficient κ☉ and a formal exclusion of coherent linear solar-cycle modulation above the 0.5% level. The falsification criteria and summary table have been tightened accordingly. No changes were made to laboratory, FRB, filament, or interferometric prediction domains.