Advanced nanotechnology applications in safe nail coatings

Nail coatings are ubiquitous cosmetic products, yet balancing enhanced performance with user safety remains a persistent challenge. Recent advances in nanotechnology offer novel materials and strategies to improve the durability, adhesion, and functionality of nail polishes while addressing toxicity concerns. This article provides a comprehensive analysis of how nanomaterials – including silica nanoparticles, nanosilver, graphene-based additives, titanium dioxide (TiO₂) nanoparticles, and nanocellulose – are being applied to next-generation nail coatings. Exposure routes for nail coating constituents are critically discussed, emphasizing dermal contact, inhalation of solvents or particulate matter, and trans-nail absorption. Through this analysis, we identify how nanotechnology can be harnessed to create high-performance nail coatings that are both effective and safe.