Optimal decay of semi-uniformly stable operator semigroups with empty spectrum
We show that it is impossible to quantify the decay rate of a semi-uniformly stable operator semigroup based on sole knowledge of the spectrum of its infinitesimal generator. More precisely, given an arbitrary positive function <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="r"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>r</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">r</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> vanishing at <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="normal infinity"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal"> ∞ </mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">\infty</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> , we construct a Banach space <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper X"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>X</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">X</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> and a bounded semigroup <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="left-parenthesis upper T left-parenthesis t right-parenthesis right-parenthesis Subscript t greater-than-or-equal-to 0"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>T</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo> <mml:msub> <mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> <mml:mo> ≥ </mml:mo> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">(T(t))_{t \geq 0}</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> of operators on it whose infinitesimal generator <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper A"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>A</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">A</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> has empty spectrum <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="sigma left-parenthesis upper A right-parenthesis equals empty-set"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi> σ </mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>A</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mi class="MJX-variant"> ∅ </mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">\sigma (A)=\varnothing</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> , but for which, for some <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="x element-of upper X"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>x</mml:mi> <mml:mo> ∈ </mml:mo> <mml:mi>X</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">x \in X</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> , <disp-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="limit sup StartFraction double-vertical-bar upper T left-parenthesis t right-parenthesis upper A Superscript negative 1 Baseline x double-vertical-bar Subscript upper X Baseline Over r left-parenthesis t right-parenthesis EndFraction equals normal infinity period"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:munder> <mml:mo movablelimits="true" form="prefix">lim sup</mml:mo> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false"> → </mml:mo> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal"> ∞ </mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:munder> <mml:mfrac> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo fence="false" stretchy="false"> ‖ </mml:mo> <mml:mi>T</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>A</mml:mi> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mo> − </mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> <mml:mi>x</mml:mi> <mml:msub> <mml:mo fence="false" stretchy="false"> ‖ </mml:mo> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mi>X</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>r</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:mfrac> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal"> ∞ </mml:mi> <mml:mo>.</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">\begin{equation*} \limsup _{t\to \infty } \frac {\|T(t)A^{-1}x\|_{X}}{r(t)}=\infty . \end{equation*}</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </disp-formula>
Institutions
- University of Vienna (AT)
- Ghent University (BE)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society
- Published
- 2025-12-04
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1090/proc/17466
- Primary Topic
- Nonlinear Differential Equations Analysis
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00