Climatic and Natural Factors in Resource Management of the Agricultural Sector of Uzbekistan: Analysis and Optimization Approaches

The agricultural sector of Uzbekistan is located in a zone of increased climate vulnerability, which requires scientifically based adaptation strategies and rational resource allocation. This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the impact of temperature, precipitation and dry periods on agricultural productivity, taking into account statistical data for the past 20 years. The use of correlation and regression analysis methods allowed us to identify key patterns in changes in the efficiency of land, water and labor use depending on climatic conditions. The results not only expand the scientific understanding of the relationship between climatic factors and the agricultural economy, but can also be integrated into resource management optimization models, contributing to increased sustainability of Uzbekistan's agriculture in the face of climate change.