Wave Period Variability in a Quiescent Solar Prominence

Abstract On 2022 September 26, we observed a quiescent solar prominence with H α imaging spectroscopy using the Solar Dynamics Doppler Imager (SDDI) on board the Solar Magnetic Activity Research Telescope (SMART). Unlike earlier works that detected 4 and 15 minute oscillations through long-slit, 1D wavelet methods, we adapt the wavelet analysis to 3D data to explore the full prominence structure. Complementary data from Solar Dynamics Observatory/Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (304, 171 Å) STEREO-A Extreme Ultraviolet Imager (EUVI; 304 Å), and Solar Orbiter Extreme Ultraviolet Imager/Full Sun Imager (304, 174 Å) enable a multiview, multithermal investigation of wave periodicity across the prominence. Our aim is to characterize how oscillatory periods are distributed in plasma at different temperatures and viewing angles, thereby assessing wave propagation and variability throughout the prominence body. We analyze time series of Doppler signal from SMART/SDDI H α observations alongside extreme-ultraviolet intensity variations from space-based instruments. We detect oscillatory plasma motions with periods spanning 3–74 minutes. Strong periodicity at 20, 31, and 53 minutes dominates in neutral plasma (H α ), while 13 and 74 minute oscillations are pronounced in the 304 Å passband, concentrated mainly in the central prominence. Additional short-period fluctuations include weaker 3–6 minute oscillations and rapid 30 s transverse waves in Doppler signals near the solar surface. These findings highlight the richness of wave periodicity in quiescent prominences, revealing a dynamic superposition of long- and short-period oscillations and kink-like disturbances. This multi-instrument, 3D perspective advances our understanding of how prominence plasma supports and modulates diverse wave modes.