Blockchain innovation and logistics performance: a cross-country analysis of institutional factors

Purpose This study investigates the impact of national blockchain innovation in the field of supply chain (NBCISC) on national logistics performance (NLP) and examines how formal and informal institutions moderate this relationship. Specifically, it explores the effects of political stability (PS), voice and accountability (VA), long-term orientation (LTO) and uncertainty avoidance (UAI) on the link between blockchain innovation in the field of supply chain and NLP. Design/methodology/approach The research employs a panel data analysis of 42 countries from 2012 to 2021, utilizing data from Espacenet, World Bank and Hofstede’s cultural dimensions. An ordinary least squares regression model with instrumental variables is used to test the hypotheses, addressing potential endogeneity concerns through lagged variables. Findings The results indicate a positive relationship between NBCISC and NLP. PS, VA, LTO and UAI positively moderate this relationship, with varying degrees of significance. The study reveals that institutional factors play crucial roles in leveraging blockchain technology (BCT) for improved NLP. Originality/value This research contributes to the literature by examining the country-level outcomes of blockchain innovation in supply chains, an area previously unexplored. It uniquely combines technological innovation metrics with formal and informal institutional factors to provide a comprehensive understanding of how BCT influences NLP in diverse global contexts.