Grass Seed Silver Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization, And Applications in Biomedical Sciences

Nanoparticles (NPs) have been an area of research for the last decade due to their exceptionally small size and expansive surface area, resulting in distinctive physical and chemical transformations compared to bulk materials. The application of nano-biotechnology in health and medicine necessitates a strong coordination among physical scientists, chemists, and biologists. The green method was utilized to synthesize stable silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) using Setaria verticillata (SV) and Azadirachta indica (AI) seed exudates as reducing and capping agents. UV-visible and FTIR spectrometry were used to characterize the AgNPs physicochemical properties. In vitro toxicity testing of Ag-NPs produced from SV on adult earthworms (Lumbricina) showed substantial inhibition (P < 0.05). Antimicrobial efficacy of 0.72µg/mL Ag-NPs was tested against gram-positive (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus anthracis, S. warneri, and Staphylococcus aureus) and gram-negative bacteria (E. coli, Acinetobacter baumannii) suppressing pathogen proliferation. In contrast, the Ag-NPs from AI outperformed in killing all tested pathogens. Due to their thick peptidoglycan (PG) covering, Gram-positive bacteria are less vulnerable to Ag-NP penetration, hence their antibacterial activity was tested against several strains. This study examines how nano-catalysts degrade MB and CR. Eco-friendly NaBH4 usage. Additionally, kinetic models were used to evaluate adsorption kinetics. This research also highlights how the nanocatalyst affects NaBH4's ecologically sustainable degradation of MB and CR. Additionally, Ag-NPs lowered CR and MB, suggesting their catalytic characteristics might eliminate commercial organic dyes. This research will help formulate eco-friendly bactericides and catalysts for biological applications