Effects of Dynamics Behavior and Size Distribution of Supercooled Large Droplets on Ice Accretion Processes

Accurate simulation of ice accretion of supercooled large droplet （SLD） is pivotal for the international airworthiness certification of large aircraft. Its complex dynamics behavior and broad particle size distributions pose significant challenges to reliable CFD predictions. A numerical model of multi-particle SLD coupling breaking， bouncing and splashing behaviors is established to explore the relationship between dynamics behavior and particle size. The results show that the peak value of droplet collection efficiency β decreases due to splashing. The bounce phenomenon will make the impact limit Sm of the water drops decrease. With the increase of the SLD particle size， the water drop bounce point gradually moves toward the trailing edge of the wing. The critical breaking diameter of SLD at an airflow velocity of 50 m/s is approximately 100 μm. When the SLD particle size increases， the height of the water droplet shelter zone on the upper edge of the wing gradually decreases， and the velocity in the Y direction decreases first and then increases in the opposite direction， increasing the probability of SLD hitting the wing again. Large particle droplets have a higher effect on the impact limit Sm than smaller droplets. Therefore， in the numerical simulation of the SLD operating conditions， it is very important to ensure the proportion of large particle size water droplets.