Policy Analysis of Public and Private Elementary Schools Through the Cippo Evaluation Model: A Case Study in Wajo Regency, Indonesia

Abstract : This study aims to analyze educational policies implemented in public and private elementary schools UPTD SD Negeri 223 Kampiri and UPTD SD As’adiyah 2 Kampiri using the CIPPO evaluation model (Context, Input, Process, Product, and Outcome). The CIPPO framework provides a comprehensive tool to assess policy effectiveness from planning and resource allocation to program implementation and long-term educational outcomes. Employing a qualitative descriptive approach through document analysis, interviews, and literature review, the study reveals that public schools tend to align with centralized government regulations and standardized funding mechanisms, while private schools demonstrate greater flexibility in curriculum innovation and institutional management. However, both face similar challenges in maintaining teacher quality and ensuring adequate facilities. Findings indicate that policy effectiveness is less dependent on school status than on consistent implementation, professional competence, and leadership capacity. The study highlights the need for stronger affirmative support for private schools, continued pedagogical innovation in public institutions, and collaborative governance between government, schools, and communities to ensure equitable and high-quality education.