Multiple heterogeneous interfaces based on electromagnetic wave path design for electromagnetic wave absorption

The rational design of heterogeneous interfaces in multilayered structures to enhance interfacial polarization, combined with the strategy of electromagnetic wave (EMW) propagation pathways within composites, represents an effective approach to overcoming the limitations of electromagnetic wave absorption (EMWA) performance. In this work, a multi-interface EMW absorber with a unique EMW transmission pathway was designed, based on the distinctive hollow octahedral structure of MIL-101 and its integration with various microstructural configurations. Multicomponent composites were fabricated via hydrothermal synthesis and electrostatic self-assembly. By leveraging the unique properties of each component, multiple heterogeneous interfaces were constructed, effectively promoting interfacial charge transfer and significantly enhancing interfacial polarization, which in turn facilitates the conversion of electromagnetic energy into heat. The results demonstrate that the RLmin of the prepared CoFe2O4@MIL-101@MoS2/GO (CFMMG, and GO stands for Graphene Oxide) is -55.13 dB, with a thickness of 2.69 mm at 11.4 GHz, while the EAB at 2.37 mm reached 6.3 GHz (9.8–16.1 GHz). Furthermore, first-principles density functional theory (DFT) simulations were conducted to theoretically elucidate the influence of interfacial polarization on the enhanced EMWA capability. This study provides distinctive insights into multi-interface composite cooperation in EMWA engineering.