Retinal Capillary Macroaneurysm and Target Laser Photocoagulation: A Comprehensive Review and Literature Summary

Abstract Retinal Capillary Macroaneurysm (RCMA) is a recently characterized entity presenting with solitary or multiple aneurysms >150–200 μm. Retinal capillary macroaneurysms (RCMAs) are uncommon but clinically significant vascular anomalies implicated in persistent macular edema, commonly in diabetic and retinal vascular diseases. Characterized by larger calibre capillary dilations compared to microaneurysms, RCMAs often demonstrate resistance to pharmacologic treatment, necessitating targeted laser photocoagulation. This review synthesizes the pathophysiology, clinical features, diagnostic modalities, therapeutic approaches, and outcomes associated with RCMAs. A tabulated literature summary is provided, highlighting clinical evidence for laser treatment effectiveness.