Characterization and evaluation of bacteriological contamination by Salmonella spp. of some poultry farms in the Prefecture of Kindia (Republic of Guinea)

Introduction: Poultry farms are one of the main reservoirs of enterobacteria, especially Salmonella, which are often associated with foodborne infections. Objective: This study aims to characterize and evaluate the contamination of some farms by Salmonella spp. strains in the Kindia Prefecture. Material and Methods: Based on the surveys, two types of farms (Semi-modern and modern) were identified. A total of 66 samples, including 15 cloacal swabs and 41 fresh droppings, were taken between June and September 2024. Salmonella spp. strains were isolated according to ISO 6579-1:2017 and confirmed in Api 20E galleries as well as other enterobacteria. The antibiogram was performed on Mueller-Hinton agar diffusion method using antibiotic disks (Bio-Mérieux). Results: These methods made it possible to isolate 27 germs including 22 Escherichia coli (33.33%) and 4 Salmonella spp. (6.06%). The sensitivity tests showed that all the Salmonella spp (100%) were resistant to Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole, 75% to Ampicillin (AMP10). 50% to gentamicin, and half on them (50%) were resistant to gentamicin. However, the susceptibility of these strains was 100% to nitrofurantoin, 80% to ciprofloxacin, 75% to azithromycin. Conclusion: This study highlighted the presence of Salmonella spp. in some farms in the Kindia prefecture and proved the need for increased surveillance to limit the spread of this germ in the area.