Side effects of metal-based dental implantology treatment - A review

Titanium dental implants are widely used for their biocompatibility and mechanical strength but are vulnerable to corrosion within the oral environment. Corrosive processes such as galvanic, pitting, crevice and fretting corrosion are influenced by salivary pH, fluoride concentration, bacterial biofilms and mechanical forces. These factors can disrupt the protective oxide layer, leading to titanium ion release, local inflammation, peri-implantitis and potential implant failure. Therefore, it is of interest to review the mechanisms and clinical implications of titanium implant corrosion.