Thermal analysis of radiative magnetized casson hybrid nanofluid flow through two spinning disks with effects of variable porosity: An application of Cattaneo-Christov flux model

Hybrid nanofluids have emerged as critical agents in augmenting heat transfer performance across a broad range of engineering and industrial applications, like system cooling, manufacturing processes, thermal energy storage, food processing operations, and heat exchangers. The present study explores the flow of magnetized Casson hybrid nanofluid within a variable porosity medium confined between two rotating plates. In this work blood is taken as the base fluid while TiO2 and Ag nanoparticles are dispersed in it to formulate hybrid nanofluid. The plates are revolving with angular motion through different flow rates. To control mass and thermal diffusions for flow system the Cattaneo-Christov flux model has implemented. Moreover, some flow conditions like non-uniform heat source/sink, magnetic and thermal radiative effects have also used in this work. The leading equations were numerically solved using bvp4c approach. As outcomes of this study, it has perceived that, with growth in magnetic factor there is decline in {g(ξ)}while the profiles of {f(ξ)}augment on 0≤ξ<0.5 and decline on0.5<ξ≤1.0. The drag force{Cfx(lowerdisk)} is augmented more sharply with surge in magnetic factor in the closed vicinity of lower disk. The drag force{Cfx(upperdisk)} is decreased gradually with growth in magnetic factor in the closed vicinity of upper disk. Close to the lower disk within the range0≤ξ<0.3, and upper disk within the range0.3≤ξ<0.7, the radial velocity experiences a decline due to intensified magnetic drag force; however, within the range0.3≤ξ<0.7, it exhibits an increasing trend. Thermal distributions increase with higher values of radiation intensity, magnetic field strength, and heat source/sink parameters, while they decrease as the thermal relaxation time parameter becomes more pronounced. The present study showed that raising the concentration of Ag nanoparticles from 0.00 to 0.04 increases the Nusselt number by 13.46%. In contrast, the same rise in volumetric fraction for Ag-TiO₂ hybrid nanoparticles produces a higher enhancement of 17.62%.