A Case Study on the Implementation of Caesar, Vigenere, and RSA Ciphers

This paper presents a comparative analysis of three historically significant cryptographic ciphers: the Caesar cipher, the Vigene`re cipher, and the RSA cipher. Through a case study approach, we implemented each of these ciphers to evaluate their underlying mechanisms, security vulnerabilities, and practical applications. The Caesar cipher, a simple substitution cipher, serves as a foundational example of symmetric encryption. The Vigene`re cipher, a polyalphabetic substitution cipher, demonstrates an evolution in complexity and security over the Caesar cipher. Finally, the RSA cipher provides an example of modern asymmetric cryptography, highlighting the principles of publickey encryption. This study aims to provide a clear understanding of the progression of cryptographic techniques, from classical methods to modern standards, by examining their implementation details and cryptographically analytic resilience.