The Challenge of Measuring Subnational Governance: Creating Indicators for Comparative Analysis Through the Lens of Migrant Integration Governance

How can we compare what happens inside states, across their diverse regions, when each territory operates under different rules, resources, and responsibilities? This is the central challenge of [subnational comparative policy analysis](https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13876988.2024.242687), a field increasingly vital in an era of decentralization and multi-level governance. Migrant integration can become a diagnostic laboratory for understanding how multilevel governance functions.