Key factors in converting shopping mall car parks into smart parking facilities

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present the critical factors to be considered in converting traditional parking facilities into smart parking facilities in shopping mall complexes. Design/methodology/approach Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process, this study assessed five principal criteria and 15 sub-criteria from 45 respondents who are experts in the construction and facilities management field. Findings This study found that operational efficiency (29.22%) and technological feasibility (27.06%) are the most critical factors for implementing smart parking systems, with system compatibility emerging as the top sub-criterion (18.32%). The findings of this study suggest that a comprehensive evaluation of the technical integration capabilities and current infrastructure conditions is essential before considering operational components to ensure the successful deployment of smart parking systems. Research limitations/implications This study used convenience sampling to gather insights; however, this approach may introduce selection bias and restrict generalizability. Cultural and regulatory differences in parking management across regions and the absence of a user-side survey may limit applicability. However, Analytical Hierarchy Process’ (AHP) structured decision-making model establishes comparisons, calculates the consistency ratio and uses aggregated expert judgment to reduce bias. Practical implications The AHP-based framework ranks critical factors for converting traditional mall parking to smart systems, providing actionable outcomes that guide resource allocation, prioritize high-impact upgrades, support stakeholder alignment and facilitate practical, context-specific implementation in mall facilities. Originality/value This study enhances the understanding of user-centric and effective car parking facilities by applying the AHP within the Sri Lankan retail sector, an area currently underexplored in the literature related to smart parking. This research captures the priorities and constraints in a developing economy, providing valuable insights for facility managers and developers on optimal resource allocation during the transition from traditional to smart parking facilities. This extends the applicability of AHP-based evaluations beyond general contexts to a regionally relevant retail setting.