Creatinine conjugated copper oxide nanomaterial as peroxidase mimicking nanozyme and study of its biological activity

Environmental and economic constraints on natural enzymes have driven researchers to explore alternative solutions. Nanomaterials with enzymatic activity have gained traction due to their customizable properties. This article presents the peroxidase-mimicking behavior of Cr-CuO NPs, a unique nanomaterial prepared via a simple wet synthesis route. The mimicking behavior was established using TMB and PPDD-NEDA as co-substrates. The method demonstrated a linear response for H 2 O 2 at 0.0774–1.5486 mM for TMB and 0.0967–0.7743 mM for PPDD-NEDA. The Km value of the method was found to be 0.2680 mM by TMB and 0.2183 mM by the PPDD-NEDA method, suggesting a superior interaction with the substrate molecule. The average crystallite size of NPs, analyzed by XRD, was found to be 15–20 nm. The SEM image revealed a spherical morphology with an agglomeration of NPs. The EDS spectra confirmed the presence of C, N, O, and Cu, supporting the formation of Cr-CuO NPs. We also investigated the antibacterial activity of the NPs against various gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, highlighting the potential practical applications of this research in fields such as medicine and environmental science.