PŮSOBENÍ KADMIA NA RŮST A PRVKOVÉ SLOŽENÍ IN VITRO KULTUR OVOCNÝCH DRUHŮ

The aim of this work was to compare the sensitivity of fruit crop explant cultures to cadmium in the growth medium and to determine whether its presence affects the elemental composition of plant matter. We worked with the apple ‘Malinové holovouské’, sour cherry ‘Vítova’, chokeberry ‘Nero’, kiwiberry ‘Issai’, shadbush ‘Tišnovský’, jujube ‘Gagadzao’ and honeysuckle ‘Zoluška’, in the concentration range of 0.01 to 10 mg/L of cadmium. All genotypes showed serious symptoms of phytotoxicity at higher concentrations. Kiwiberry, jujube and honeysuckle proved to be the most sensitive and died at the highest concentrations, although we recorded the lowest amount of accumulated cadmium in jujube and honeysuckle when compared to the others. Overall, the content of the determined elements was the lowest in jujube and honeysuckle, with the exception of molybdenum. In the presence of cadmium, we found i.a. a slight increase in the content of copper and cobalt in plant matter. Our results may help to assess the sensitivity of plant species to cadmium stress.