Fiber Reinforced Composite Photovoltaic Modules by HP-RTM Manufacturing Process

Lightweight photovoltaic (PV) modules made of continuous fiber reinforced transparent composite are promising for BIPV, VIPV and other urban applications. The present work compiles the recent results obtained for composite module manufacturing through high-pressure resin transfer moulding (HP-RTM), regarding process quality and durability of corresponding modules. Minimodules were manufactured with successful mould filling and demoulding step, while maintaining the integrity of the cells and module quality. Regarding reliability of the modules, after 200 thermal cycles, a power and short-circuit current loss of 2.3% and 2.8% were observed respectively, with a colour change of 27% in b* chromatic coordinate. The power and short-circuit losses were more pronounced after 1000 hours in damp-heat exposure, reaching values of 3.0 and 4.0% respectively. The colour change was also higher in this last case, with a 123% increase in b*, suggesting that optical losses may be affecting the electrical performance. With power losses detected due to aging below 5%, the modules would meet the PV standard requirements. The study concluded that the HP-RTM is a promising approach to advance towards a composite PV module manufacturing process with higher automation level, repeatability and precision, leading finally to an increased throughput and cost reduction.