Models of Economic Recovery Through Digitalizationin the European Union: A Comparative Study on EnergyCompanies in Romania and Poland

This article provides a comparative analysis of economic recovery strategies through digitalization in the energy sectors in Romania and Poland in the period 2019–2024. Using secondary data from Eurostat, company reports, and EU digitalization indicators, the study investigates how digital technologies contributed to post-COVID performance among major energy companies across Romania and Poland, accelerated by access to the Recovery and Resilience Facility (RRF) funding and EU Green Deal provisions. The paper employs panel econometric models on a firm-year dataset (10 companies) to assess the relationship between digitalization levels and revenue growth. Results indicate a strong, statistically significant positive effect of digital maturity on recovery performance. The effect was more pronounced in Polish firms. The findings support the hypothesis that digitalization is a key driver of economic resilience. The study also highlights the complementarity between digital and green transitions. Recommendations are offered for corporate leaders and policymakers to strengthen the digital foundations of the energy sector and improve preparedness for future systemic shocks.