Deliverable 4.10 Report on commonalities of toxicity modes of action in selected human and environmental models

Multicomponent and high-aspect ratio nanomaterials (MCNMs and HARNs) have various industrials applications. For instance, MCNMs and other chemical compounds containing ZnO are applied in sunscreens and cosmetic products and, therefore, are valuable substances. The present deliverable characterizes commonalities of toxicity pathways of selected MCNM and HARNs in earthworms, algae, cultured human lung cells and cultured human skin tissues using transcriptomics and metabolomics approaches. Earthworms exposed to ZnO (Diagonal code 4n-4) for 2, 3 and 7 days, to ZnO:Mn (Diagonal code 4n-6) for 2, 4, and 7 days, and to MnCl2 and (4n-6) for 14 days. All these earthworms were sampled for transcriptomic analysis, whereas only worms exposed for 14 days were sampled for metabolomic analysis. Algae were exposed to the 4n-4, 4n-6 and Ag nanowires (Ag NW; Diagonal code DTI-1) nanomaterials and sampled for transcriptomics analysis. Besides these environmental organisms, cultured lung cells and skin tissues were exposed to the 4n-4, 4n-6 and DTI-1 nanomaterials. All the sampled lung cells were analyzed using transcriptomics and metabolomics analysis, whereas the skin cells were analyzed using metabolomic analysis. These omics analyses together explored physiological responses across earthworms, algae, and cultured lung and skin cell systems after exposure to the selected 4n-4, 4n-6 and DTI-1 nanomaterials.