Social Support and Implications for the Psychological Well-Being of Pregnant Women at Risk of Diabetes Mellitus in Bireuen District, Aceh Province, Indonesia

Background: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) poses significant physical and psychological challenges for high-risk pregnantwomen, often leading to anxiety, emotional distress, and reduced quality of life. Social support plays a critical role in alleviatingthese impacts and enhancing overall well-being.Objective: This study aimed to explore the role of social support and its implications for the psychological well-being of pregnantwomen at risk of GDM in Bireuen District, Aceh Province.Methods: A qualitative phenomenological approach was employed to capture the lived experiences of pregnant women identifiedas high risk for GDM based on criteria such as obesity, excessive gestational weight gain, family history of diabetes, or prior obstetriccomplications. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, focus group discussions (FGDs), and document reviews fromhealthcare facilities. Colaizzi’s method of thematic analysis was applied, supported by NVivo software for coding and datamanagement. Validity was ensured through triangulation techniques, while ethical standards—including informed consent andconfidentiality—were strictly observed.Results: The findings revealed that pregnant women experienced considerable emotional strain associated with GDM risk,compounded by physical discomfort and socioeconomic challenges. Social support from husbands, families, peers, and healthcareproviders emerged as a vital protective factor, providing emotional reassurance, practical assistance, and improved adherence tomedical care. Conversely, inadequate support increased vulnerability to anxiety and depression.Conclusion: Social support is fundamental to safeguarding the psychological well-being of pregnant women at risk of GDM.Strengthening family involvement, health education, and access to psychosocial interventions is essential to improve maternal and neonatal outcomes.