Chronic Periodontal Inflammation and Alzheimer's Disease: A Narrative and Conceptual Review

Recent interdisciplinary research highlights a potential connection between chronic periodontal inflammation and neurodegenerative disorders, particularly Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This review integrates findings from 2020 to 2025, exploring biological mechanisms through which oral pathogens—especially Porphyromonas gingivalis—may initiate systemic inflammatory responses that contribute to cognitive decline. By synthesizing molecular, clinical, and epidemiological evidence, the paper positions oral health as a modifiable factor in dementia risk. These insights support the integration of periodontal care into global strategies for cognitive preservation.