Development and Assessment of Microcrystalline Cellulose-Reinforced PVA/Starch Biocomposite Films for Eco-Friendly Packaging Uses

In this study we develop one kind of environment-friendly biodegradable film from renewable resources. Films were made from biocomposite, combining polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and corn starch, with gycerol as the plasticizer. Made with microcrystalline cellulose acting as reinforcing filler the process of solution casting formed films with 0, 2, 5 and 10% MCC (by weight of total polymer). The biodegradability, water uptake and mechanical performance of the film were investigated. While maintaining a good level of flexibility, the addition of 5% MCC increased the breaking strength by 120% compared to control sample. Agglomeration of the filler resulted in decreased brittleness and ductility at 10% MCC. When MCC was added, water absorption gradually dropped up to 5%, indicating improved moisture resistance. In soil, all films showed more than 80% biodegradation after 28 days. According to these findings, PVA/starch composites with 5% MCC show the best possible balance between mechanical strength, flexibility, and biodegradability, which makes them an attractive option for short-term, environmentally friendly packaging applications.