OPTHALMIC DOSAGE FORM (REVIEW ARITICLE)

Many studies have demonstrated that new and more complex ophthalmic drug forms exhibit advantage over traditional ones and are able to increase the bioavailability of the active substance. The rest of the paper describes recommended in vitro and in vivo studies to be performed for various ophthalmic drugs forms. Ocular (eye) dosage forms are sterile pharmaceutical preparations intended for direct application to the eye for treating local or systemic conditions. Reducing the susceptibility of drug forms to defense mechanisms of the human eye, extending contact time of drug with the cornea, increasing the penetration through the complex anatomical structure of the eye, and providing controlled release of drugs into the eye tissues, which allows reducing the drug application frequency. General principles for the development of a topical ophthalmic dosage form intended for application to ocular structures are discussed. Formulation development strategy based on a quality by design (qbd) approach is used as a tool to help formulation scientist develop dosage forms.