Determinants and Mitigation Methods used to Prevent and Control Diarrheal Disease Among Under-Five Children attending Gitarama Health Center, Muhanga District, Rwanda, 2025

Abstract: Diarrheal disease remains a major global public health concern, causing approximately 525,000 deaths annually among children under five years of age. Sub-Saharan Africa bears a disproportionate burden, recording an estimated 7.5 million cases each year. In Rwanda, diarrheal disease continues to affect many under-five children, yet limited research has examined its determinants and mitigation strategies in specific settings such as Gitarama Health Center in Muhanga District. This study aimed to identify key determinants and preventive measures for diarrheal disease among under-five children attending Gitarama Health Center. A descriptive cross-sectional design was employed, using purposive sampling to select 376 mothers or guardians of under-five children. Data were analyzed to determine the prevalence, associated factors, and mitigation practices. Results showed that 23.4% (n = 88) of the children had experienced diarrhea within the two weeks preceding the survey. Most cases were single episodes, while few were recurrent. Common management practices included seeking care at health facilities (73.9%), using oral rehydration salts (56.8%), and increasing fluid intake (43.2%). Traditional remedies (15.9%) and herbal medicine (6.8%) were also used. Hygienic behaviors, such as handwashing before feeding and safe disposal of child feces, were significantly associated with reduced diarrhea incidence (p < 0.05). The study concludes that diarrhea remains a significant public health issue among under-five children in Muhanga District. Strengthening hygiene practices, promoting community health education, and addressing cultural misconceptions are vital for effective prevention and improved child health outcomes in Rwanda and similar contexts. Keywords: Determinants, Mitigation Methods, Diarrheal Disease, Under-Five Children, Gitarama Health Center, Rwanda. Title: Determinants and Mitigation Methods used to Prevent and Control Diarrheal Disease Among Under-Five Children attending Gitarama Health Center, Muhanga District, Rwanda, 2025 Author: UKOBIZABA Pierre Celestin, Dr. Silari B. Maurice International Journal of Healthcare Sciences ISSN 2348-5728 (Online) Vol. 13, Issue 2, October 2025 - March 2026 Page No: 271-283 Research Publish Journals Website: www.researchpublish.com Published Date: 14-November-2025 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17607970 Paper Download Link (Source) https://www.researchpublish.com/papers/determinants-and-mitigation-methods-used-to-prevent-and-control-diarrheal-disease-among-under-five-children-attending-gitarama-health-center-muhanga-district-rwanda-2025