Exploring Self-Healing Concrete for a Greener Built Environment

Self-healing concrete (SHC) has emerged as an innovative solution to one of the most persistent challenges in construction cracking. While conventional concrete is a critical component of modern infrastructure, it is prone to crack formation, which compromises structural integrity, durability, and service life. SHC is uniquely engineered to repair these cracks autonomously through natural mechanisms. Depending on its composition, the healing process may occur through physical, chemical, or biological means. These mechanisms often involve the inclusion of healing agents, mineral admixtures, or specific bacteria that produce calcium carbonate when exposed to moisture. The resulting reactions effectively fill and seal cracks, preventing the ingress of water and harmful substances, and thereby protecting embedded reinforcement from corrosion. Among the available self-healing approaches, biologically driven methods stand out for their sustainability, efficiency, and self-reliant nature. The incorporation of SHC in construction represents a significant advancement toward developing resilient, environmentally sustainable, and cost-effective infrastructures with extended service life.