Synthesis of Polyvinylidene Difluoride (PVDF)-Based Metal Oxide Nanoparticle Nanocomposite Thin Films: A Comprehensive Review

Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) is a multifaceted polymer known for its excellent piezoelectric, ferroelectric, and dielectric properties. The incorporation of metal oxide nanoparticles into PVDF matrices has led to the advancement of nanocomposite thin films with enhanced multifunctional characteristics. This review explores the synthesis techniques, material combinations, structural and functional properties, and emerging applications of PVDF-based metal oxide nanocomposite thin films. Emphasis is placed on the role of nanoparticle dispersion, phase transformation, and interfacial interactions in determining the performance of these advanced materials.