Testing Homeostasis Using the Designed Matlab GUI of Cardiovascular-Respiratory System Mathematical Model

Homeostasis is the body’s mechanism for maintaining internal stability amidst external changes, particularly within the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. This study applied optimal control problem strategies to sustain homeostasis by regulating key physiological parameters such as blood pressure, oxygen, and carbon dioxide levels. A stability analysis was conducted on a mathematical model of the human cardiovascular-respiratory system using a GUI in MATLAB App Designer to test this homeostasis. The findings demonstrated that the model’s variables consistently averaged within normal physiological ranges, affirming the successful maintenance of homeostasis. The GUI provided intuitive and interactive graphical outputs, effectively distinguishing between healthy and unhealthy individuals. Stable outputs were observed in healthy subjects, while instability was evident in unhealthy subjects, underscoring the system’s sensitivity to pathological conditions. The user-friendly interface efficiently managed input data and delivered precise health status indicators. The model reliably simulated the impact of various disease parameters, with variables remaining within normal ranges in healthy scenarios and deviating in the presence of disease, thereby highlighting its potential as a valuable tool for clinical and research applications.