INNOVATIVE 3D PLATE FIXATION TECHNIQUE FOR MANDIBULAR ANGLE FRACTURE

Abstract Background: Mandibular angle fractures constitute nearly one-third of all mandibular fractures and remain challenging due to biomechanical complexity. Conventional fixation techniques, such as single or double miniplates, often compromise either stability or biological safety. Three-dimensional (3D) miniplates were introduced to enhance stability by resisting torsional and bending forces while minimizing soft tissue trauma. This study aimed to evaluate clinical, radiographic, and functional outcomes of mandibular angle fracture fixation using 3D miniplates. Materials and Methods: Ten patients with isolated mandibular angle fractures were taken in the study. All patients underwent open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) using a two-armed 3D miniplate via the intraoral approach. Bite force, occlusal discrepancies, and wound healing were assessed preoperatively, immediately postoperatively, and at 3-month follow-up. Data were statistically analysed using Friedman, Chi-square, and Bonferroni post-hoc tests, with significance at p < 0.05. Results: Mean bite force increased significantly from 4.28 ± 1.07 kg preoperatively to 12.08 ± 3.08 kg immediately postoperatively and 20.98 ± 1.99 kg at 3 months (p = 0.000). Pairwise comparison showed significant improvement between preoperative and 3-month readings (p < 0.001). Occlusal discrepancies were present in 80% of patients preoperatively but resolved completely postoperatively (p = 0.000). Wound healing scores also showed progressive improvement, with all patients demonstrating satisfactory union and absence of infection, wound dehiscence, or plate exposure at 3 months. Conclusion: Fixation of mandibular angle fractures using 3D miniplates provides superior stability, early functional recovery, and excellent healing without major complications. The 3D plate system offers a biomechanically sound, minimally invasive, and reliable alternative to conventional fixation techniques.