Integration of crisis management into the security strategy of shopping and entertainment centres in Ukraine in conditions of armed aggression

The study aimed to determine the effectiveness of comprehensive risk management measures and the resilience of shopping and entertainment centres in Ukraine during armed aggression. The methodology included a documentary analysis of emergency response plans and evacuation protocols, a study of the media, and a case analysis of specific shopping and entertainment centres, which made it possible to assess the practices of arranging shelters, warning systems, fire safety, and staff rotation in different regions of the country. The study determined that risk management measures in shopping and entertainment centres in Ukraine include a combination of shelters, warning systems, crisis plans, data backup, communication and psychological support, which ensure the preservation of personnel, property and operations during wartime. Systematic implementation of the instructions (including training, staff rotation and interaction with government services) increased the effectiveness of the response and minimised losses. The results of the case study determined that Forum Lviv has created a shelter with an autonomous power supply that ensures operation during power outages. Riviera Shopping City has created a shelter system for more than 200 people. In particular, the Karavan shopping centre in Kharkiv was subject to numerous regular shelling attacks, which caused the shelter to be stocked with water and medical supplies. Passage in Dnipro also faced potential threats of mining and missile strikes, which had required improvements to the warning and video surveillance systems, as well as the equipment of shelters and regular staff training. It was recommended to disseminate organisational practices (designation of responsible persons, staff rotation and digital warning systems) as a standard for managing the security of shopping and entertainment centres. The practical significance lies in the fact that the results of the study can be used to improve crisis management strategies and enhance the security of shopping and entertainment centres in Ukraine in the context of armed aggression