Unravelling the Perivascular Tumors: A Case Series Highlighting the Histopathological Overlap and Diagnostic Nuances

Perivascular tumors are rare mesenchymal neoplasms of unclear line of differentiation, presumed to be derived from pericytes or a modified perivascular cell, with very few articles published in the literature. It is classified as benign, intermediate, and malignant. We hereby report five cases of perivascular tumor. Three cases were reported as myopericytoma (MPC), one case was reported as a myofibroma(MF), while one case was of glomangioma. Myopericytomas are typically benign, slow-growing, but rare malignant variants exist- hence, complete excision and follow-up are advised. Myofibromas, on the other hand, are commonly solitary and benign, but infantile myofibromatosis can be aggressive or fatal if visceral involvement occurs. Glomangiomas are benign, though multiple lesions (glomangiomatosis) can be painful and cosmetically concerning. Hence, differentiating perivascular tumors is critically important in clinical practice and pathology because while they share overlapping histological features as perivascular tumors, they differ in biological behaviour, treatment approach, syndromic associations, and immunohistochemical profile.