Assessment of operations research models and performance of small and medium scale enterprises in Nigeria

Purpose This study examines how the adoption of operations research models (ORMs) affects the performance of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Lagos State. It explores the combined impact of various ORMs on both financial and non-financial performance in a dynamic economic environment. Design/methodology/approach Using a descriptive survey design, data were collected from 382 SME owners across 20 local government areas in Lagos through stratified random sampling. structural equation modeling analyzed the relationships between ORM adoption and SME performance. Findings SMEs in Lagos State show strong adoption of ORMs, significantly improving financial (R2 = 0.838) and non-financial (R2 = 0.839) performance. Decision theory, inventory and probabilistic programming yield the highest impact. Forecasting, linear and network models also contribute positively. ORM adoption enhances productivity, efficiency, customer satisfaction and strategic alignment. However, integer programming, queuing and goal programming show no significant effect. Originality/value This study integrates multiple ORMs within dynamic capability theory to provide empirical evidence of how SMEs can leverage operational capabilities to remain competitive and adaptable. The findings offer practical insights for policymakers, SME owners and support agencies to foster environments that encourage ORM adoption.