Applying Ai Chi to Improve Pain, Postural Control, and Quality of Life in Those With Neurological Conditions: A Systematic Review

Background and Purpose: Individuals with neurological conditions often experience pain, deficits in postural control, and reduced quality of life. Ai Chi, a form of aquatic therapy and a mindfulness practice, may impact these impairments. This systematic review aimed to synthesize evidence on the effectiveness of Ai Chi on postural control, pain, and quality of life in adults with neurological disorders. Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted using 4 databases (CINAHL, PubMed, MEDLINE, and Physiotherapy Evidence Database) and 2 gray literature databases (WorldCat and Center for Research Libraries Library Catalog). Only randomized controlled trials were utilized in this review. The researchers completed title, abstract, and full-text screening individually and then in pairs using the selection criteria. Data were synthesized descriptively, and effect sizes were calculated. The Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) Scale was used to assess the quality of the final articles. Results: Eight studies were included in this systematic review, ranging in score from 6 to 8 on the PEDro Scale, indicating they were of good quality. Ai Chi, or a combination of Ai Chi and dry land exercise, resulted in greater improvements in postural control, pain, or quality of life, as compared to dry land exercises in individuals with Parkinson disease, stroke, and multiple sclerosis. Treatment effects were largest for pain. Discussion: These findings support the contention that Ai Chi is more effective than land-based exercises in the neurological population. There is strong evidence showing the benefits of Ai Chi on pain, postural control, and quality of life for individuals with Parkinson disease, stroke, and multiple sclerosis. Conclusion: Physical therapists could consider Ai Chi as an intervention for individuals with neurological diagnoses, especially when the goal is to address impairments in pain, postural control, and quality of life.