Fuzzy-based model for developing a digitalization index for evaluating construction project digitalization levels in Saudi Arabia

Purpose This paper aims to propose a digitalization index (DI) based on a fuzzy approach for evaluating the digitalization level of construction projects in the Saudi Arabian construction sector. It also aims to identify and rank potential digitalization activities and evaluate these activities using modified technology acceptance measures. This provides a quantitative framework for assessing digitalization levels in uncertain environments. Design/methodology/approach The research identifies potential digitalization activities within construction projects in the Saudi Arabian construction sector and ranks them based on their digitalization level. A fuzzy-based model is then developed to construct a DI and evaluate the degree of digitalization. The model is validated using data from a real project in Saudi Arabia. Findings The findings revealed significant differences in project activities based on the DI within the Saudi construction sector. Deviation tracking, document system updates and energy consumption improvements were the most digitalized activities. The proposed fuzzy model accurately assessed digitalization, aligning with actual project data, highlighting the sector’s generally low digital maturity and the need for targeted digital transformation in Saudi construction management. Practical implications The proposed model offers a practical tool for construction stakeholders to assess and quantify digitalization activities. The model helps stakeholders address challenges in digital transformation and prioritize activities for improving digital integration in construction projects. Originality/value This research proposes a DI as an innovative approach to assess the digitalization levels in construction projects, using a fuzzy-based model to deal with uncertainty. It incorporates modified technology acceptance measures and provides an innovative method for quantifying digital transformation in an uncertain environment.