Analyzing women's perceived safety in train commuting using the ABC model

The right to safety is a basic need of people, and one of the biggest concerns on safety revolves around public transportation, particularly among women. This study examines factors influencing the perceived safety of women commuters in Metro Manila's train system. Using Wirga and Debarnardi's ABC Model, the study identifies media exposure, familial upbringing, witnessing negative experiences, and experiencing negative experiences as predictors of perceived safety. A total of 200 women commuters who have used any train system in Metro Manila, Philippines at least once in the past year participated in an online survey that measured the factors in the conceptual model. Regression analysis revealed that Media Exposure, Familial Upbringing, and Experiencing Negative Experiences significantly predict Perceived Safety, while Witnessing Negative Experiences did not. These findings highlight the critical role of Media Exposure, Familial Upbringing, and Experiencing Negative Experiences in shaping women's safety perceptions while commuting. Addressing these vulnerabilities can enhance the safety and inclusivity of public transportation for female commuters. • Women reported a low level of perceived safety in train commuting. • Media exposure, familial upbringing, and experiencing negative experiences predict perceived safety of women. • Reducing security incidences will be an effective overall approach in improving perceived safety of women in train commuting.