Integrated Nutrient Management: A Review on Effects of Combined Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers on Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata Linn.) Production in Ethiopia

Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata Linn.) is a globally significant vegetable crop with high nutritional and economic value. In Ethiopia, its production faces challenges such as soil fertility depletion, high input costs, and suboptimal fertilizer use. This review examines the effects of integrated nutrient management (INM) on cabbage production in Ethiopia by synthesizing regional studies. The review analysis demonstrates that combining organic (poultry manure at 10-15 tons/ha) and inorganic fertilizers (NPK at 100 kg/ha) optimizes yield, head weight (940.4g vs. 374.4g for the Copenhagen variety), and nutrient uptake while enhancing soil health. Key findings reveal that integrated applications improve head diameter by 28% compared to control groups. A balanced ratio of 70% organic and 30% inorganic fertilizers is recommended to harmonize immediate productivity gains with long-term sustainability. Despite these benefits, barriers persist, including limited farmer knowledge, inadequate policy frameworks, and a lack of region-specific INM strategies. Future efforts must prioritize farmer education, policy reforms, and targeted research to bridge yield gaps and promote food security. Promoting INM practices such as poultry manure + NPK or compost + urea blends can enhance food security and mitigate the environmental impacts of cabbage production in Ethiopia.