Subparticle Vortex Model and Unied Origin of Forces

This document presents a semi-classical model in which elementary particles are describedas vortices of subparticles rotating at speed c. The internal dynamics of these subparticles areintroduced, explaining the origin of emerging forces and the cohesion of vortices. Kinetic andpotential energies, subparticle viscosity, and the behavior of the resulting force at dierentdistances are analyzed, showing how the model reproduces the universal law of gravitation atlarge distances. Numerical tables for leptons and quarks and comparisons with experimentaldata from HERA, PDG, and LHC are included.